Shahnoor Jafri
A&P: Period 1
Mr. Orre
5/24/15
The Psychological Elements
- Emotional
Intelligence(EQ)
- “The capacity of recognizing our own
feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves and for managing
our emotions for ourselves and for others. An Emotional Competence is the
learned capacity of EQ that contributes to better performance at work.” (Goleman)
- Emotional
Intelligence plays a strong role in leadership because the ideal leader
is able to empathize with co-workers, able to manage stress, control his
own emotions so he doesn’t freak out his co-workers, and read others.
Pretty much it makes them well rounded and that’s what EQ is.
i.
Unfortunately many people have problems with maintaining EQ.
Many CEOs have low EQ so low performance at work. (Forbes)
ii.
It’s not necessarily that the CEOs or leaders cannot take
care of themselves it’s more like they have a lack of empathy towards their
workers.
- There
are 5 factors of Emotional Intelligence
i.
Recognizing and understanding our emotions; self-awareness.
ii.
Managing and controlling our emotions and reactions;
self-management
iii.
Motivating ourselves by harnessing out emotions to
follow-through with our goals; motivation
iv.
Identifying the feelings of others and utilizing that
understanding to empathize with them; empathy
v.
Leading, negotiating and building relationships; social
skills
- Social
Intelligence
- “The
capacity to effectively negotiate complex social relationships and
environments.” (Goleman)
i.
If you are socially intelligent then you are essentially a
people’s person. You have diplomacy. You have the ability to get along with
others.
ii.
This involves the awareness of social situations and
dynamics. With a good sense of social interactions, the person can achieve his
or her goal through manipulation and strategy.
iii.
There is a spectrum of Social Intelligence: Toxic and
Nourishing.
1.
Toxic—you lower people’s self-esteem; make them feel angry
and uncomfortable. Obviously if this is continued then there is no chance that
the perpetrator would gain any influence.
2.
Nourishing—you make people feel comfortable and happy. Thus,
it is easier for you to influence them.
iv.
Basically, this skill has a lot to do with awareness in
interactions and assessing them with the right social skills. It also has to do
with reading expressions/non-verbal interactions which is related to Emotional
Intelligence since that too has to do with awareness. This thus leads to our
next topic. (Social Intelligence Theory)
3.
SEL(Social and Emotional Learning) programs teach social and
emotional intelligence to people.
a.
The programs implemented in elementary and middle schools
stress on empathy. In high school, students actually apply what they learned on
people. These programs and skills increase Neuroplasticity from SEl, because
children become more mindful and receptive towards things.
b.
The main goals for SEL are to increase diplomacy and empathy
between students and to create leaders in the student bodies.
i. There has
been a study that schools that promote SEL programs happened to be schools with
the least on-campus violence. The schools that did not happened to have a lot
of violence (Emotional Intelligence)
ii. Also,
there’s a strong correlation between academic achievements in particular
schools and whether or not they implement SEL. (SEL Review)
4.
Other
companies that are researching this field
a.
CREIO(Consortium
of Research on Emotional Intelligence Organization)
i. Prominent psychologist and science journalist Daniel
Goleman runs this facility.
ii. He also researches social intelligence. He wrote Social Intelligence: The New Science of
Human Relationships
1.
The
book explains how humans are specifically wired to connect with others. Out
neural anatomy constantly changes as we experience different interactions
2.
Another
thing that is very interesting is that people who feel threatened or are
anxious are more prone to catch other people’s emotions. That’s because our
brains are more aware. (Goleman)
- Neuroscience
Behind SI and EQ
- Social
functioning: “the ability to construct representations of the relations
between oneself and others, and to use those representations flexibly to
guide social behavior”(Social Functioning)
- Several
regions of the brain consist of “social relevant functions”
i.
The prefrontal cortex and midline cortical are responsible
for self-related awareness. It is also used to making inferences on people’s
traits.
ii.
The amygdala and temporal pole are related to emotions,
judgements and social scripts. (Human
Social Interaction)
1.
The temporal
lobes are responsible for interpreting social communication. (Social
Functioning)
a.
Recognizing person’s
face and facial emotions.
b.
Interpreting voices
c.
Inferring about person’s feelings and motives through their
body language.
2.
The amygdala
is specifically responsible for love and affection, friendship, expression of
mood like fear and rage. This almond-shaped tissue then sends signals to the
temporal poles which process the information. (The Center of Emotions)
a.
This is also responsible for associating stimulations from
reward and punishments and light or tones. This helps us alter our behavior
according to specific associations.
b.
If somebody was to have disrepair in this area then they
would not be able to recognize facial emotions.
c.
Usually this region is for the emotional function but it
does have a significant role in social behavior.
iii.
The temporoparietal junction is for mentalizing goals and
desires.
1.
Very interesting because EQ consist of motivation and in
order to be motivated we need to imagine our goals.
iv.
The orbitofrontal
cortex (OFC) is another major region for social cognition.
1.
The evaluation of reward and punishment is the job of the
OFC.
2.
Usually patients with an injury to the frontal lobe have a
dysfunctional OFC which adheres them from following “social norms”
a.
Some of the behavior patterns involve apathy, insensitivity
to other emotions, poor decision making and social judgements, and disorganization.
3.
OFC also plays a role in emotional processing like
responding to certain conditions.
v.
The dorsomedial
portions are responsible for the “higher-level social cognition”
1.
Complex self-monitoring
2.
Taking in other people’s perspectives
vi.
The lateral
frontal lobes are responsible for decision-making, working memory,
planning, and reasoning.
vii.
Overall, motor and sensory neurons play a huge role in
social interactions because they help assess and mimic and individual’s
behavior.
- As
shown, regions that regulate emotions and social dynamics overlap which
is why these two intelligences, EQ and SI, are so relatable; they are
complimentary with each other.
i.
This makes sense because of one was to control emotions and
manage stress (EQ) then they would be able to work with coworkers in severe
social situations, thus making them Socially Intelligent. This is one example.
ii.
This was a huge problem when attributing this to the game
because I was not sure which intelligence I wanted to measure. Now I know that
I need to use social intelligence.
- Scientists
have been trying to analyze interpersonal interactions on human behavior
but it’s impossible to bring a casual social interaction inside a lab. (Human
Social Interactions)
i.
Also, there are so many regions being stimulated, social and
emotional.
ii.
Social interactions also consist of social feelings too like
jealousy, competition, pride and regret. The emotions drive our social
behavior.
iii.
Another things is that we cannot record moment-to-moment
interactions since essentially everything we feel, everything we visualize and
we talk
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